CARDIO inCode® Score is a genetic test for the evaluation of the coronary genetic load based on a Polygenic Risk Score and a further cardiovascular risk assessment (the risk of having a coronary event in the next 10 years).
Genetics provides approximately a 50% contribution to the development of coronary heart disease and related major adverse cardiovascular events e.g. myocardial infarction or heart attack (Zdravkovic et al., 2002; Wienke et al., 2005; Elosua et al., 2009; Roberts R, 2018). As a result genetics is now recognised as a vitally important risk factor to be included in the patient risk assessment of coronary heart disease.

There is a direct, linear association between genetic load and the risk of coronary events, both the incidence of the event and recurrence (Lluis-Ganella et al., 2010; Lluis-Ganella et al., 2012; Mega et al., 2015; Natarajan et al., 2017; Rincón et al., 2020; Marston et al., 2020; Damask et al., 2020; Emdin et al., 2020). 

A significant proportion of cardiovascular events takes place in individuals clinically classified in low and intermediate risk groups based on traditional (non-genetic) cardiovascular risk factors (Marrugat et al., 2011; Iribarren et al., 2016).

Genetic risk assessment in addition to clinical risk assessment provides a more accurate cardiovascular lifetime risk assessment and identifies those patients at the highest overall risk of coronary heart disease. The combination of genetic and clinical risk enables a ‘personalized’ approach to preventing cardiovascular disease through lifestyle change, adjustments to therapy and/or new therapeutic goals.

CARDIO inCode-Score measures an individuals genetic risk of coronary heart disease. Taking an individual’s genetic risk into consideration enables physicians to reclassify patients into a higher treatment category. It is estimated that 5% of patients clinically classified in the low-risk group and 14% of those in the intermediate-risk group would be reclassified to higher risk categories (Iribarren et al., 2016) where genetic risk is assessed.  

GENES/VARIANTS ANALYSED AND TECHNOLOGY
CARDIO inCode® Score analyses 12 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) genetic variants using qPCR.
These genetic variants are associated with ischaemic heart disease and are independent of classical cardiovascular risk factors (Lluis-Ganella et al., 2010; Lluis-Ganella et al., 2012). These variants have been identified in Genome-Wide Association studies or GWAs.
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